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CONTENTS
Volume 15, Number 5, May 2023
 

Abstract
The present study investigates the effects of Cattaneo-Christov thermal effects of stagnation point in Walters-B nanofluid flow through lubrication of power-law fluid by taking the slip at the interfacial condition. For the solution, the governing partial differential equation is transformed into a series of non-linear ordinary differential equations. With the help of hybrid homotopy analysis method; that consists of both the homotopy analysis and shooting method these equations can be solved. The influence of different involved constraints on quantities of interest are sketched and discussed. The viscoelastic parameter, slip parameters on velocity component and temperature are analyzed. The velocity varies by increase in viscoelastic parameter in the presence of slip parameter. The slip on the surface has major effect and mask the effect of stagnation point for whole slip condition and throughout the surface velocity remained same. Matched the present solution with previously published data and observed good agreement. It can be seen that the slip effects dominates the effects of free stream and for the large values of viscoelastic parameter the temperature as well as the concentration profile both decreases.

Key Words
hybrid HAM method; lubrication; nanoparticles; Walters-B fluid

Address
"(1) Muhammad Taj, Manzoor Ahmad:
Department of Mathematics, University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan;
(2) Mohamed A. Khadimallah:
Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia;
(3) Saima Akram, Madeeha Tahir:
Department of Mathematics, Govt. College Women University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
(4) Saima Akram:
Center for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, 60000, Pakistan;
(5) Muzamal Hussain:
Department of Mathematics, Govt. College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
(6) Faisal Mehmood Butt:
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad, Pakistan;
(7) Abdelouahed Tounsi:
YFL (Yonsei Frontier Lab), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea;
(8) Abdelouahed Tounsi:Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals,
31261 Dhahran, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia."

Abstract
In this paper, the analytic solution has been found by using truncation approach. With the help of suitable substitution, different physical parameters are yielded in their non-dimensional form. The governing boundary layer partial differential equations are reduced to a set of ordinary ones by using appropriate similarity transformations. The velocity profile across the domain have also been taken into account. The effect normal velocity profiles buoyancy parameter, slip parameter, shrinking parameter, Casson fluid parameter on the heat profile. It is found that the normal velocity profiles rise with the buoyancy parameter and for the slip parameter. It is observed that the normal velocity profile decreases with the increase of shrinking parameter. The reverse behiour is found for the Casson fluid parameter. The results are numerically computed, analyzed and discussed. For the efficiency of present model, the results are compared with earlier investigations.

Key Words
Casson fluid; similarity transformation; slip parameter; velocity profile

Address
"(1) Mohamed A. Khadimallah, Elimam Ali:
Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia;
(2) Muzamal Hussain:
Department of Mathematics, Govt. College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan;
(3) Abdelouahed Tounsi:
YFL (Yonsei Frontier Lab), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea;
(4) Abdelouahed Tounsi:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261 Dhahran, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia."

Abstract
The effect of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthening on the behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with web openings is studied. It has been observed that the load-carrying capacity and deflection in the presence of an opening reduced by approximately 50% and 75%, respectively. Three-dimensional nonlinear finite models are first validated with the results obtained from experimental data. Thereafter, a series of parametric studies are conducted for the beam with an opening. In the study, it is observed that a square opening shape is critical in comparison to the elliptical and circular-shaped opening. The web opening located near the support is found to be critically compared to the opening in the middle of the beam. Given the critical opening shape situated at the critical location, the increase in FRP layers enhances the load-deformation behaviour of the FRP-wrapped RC beam. However, the load-deformation responses are not significantly improved beyond a certain threshold value of FRP layers.

Key Words
beam with an opening; concrete; Finite Element Analysis; FRP; strengthening

Address
"(1) Abdullah Rafiq Safiaa, Suryamani Behera, Subhajit Mondal:
Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Rourkela, India;
(2) Rimen Jamatia:
Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Jammu, India;
(3) Rajesh Kumar:
Department of Civil Engineering, BITs Pilani, India."

Abstract
Fast infrastructure development boosts the demand for shotcrete. Despite sand and stone being the most common coarse and fine aggregates for shotcrete, excessive exploration of these materials challenges the ecological environment. This study utilized an industrial solid waste, high-titanium heavy slag, blended with steel fibers to form Wet Shotcrete of Steel Fiberreinforced High-Titanium Heavy Slag (WSSFHTHS). It investigated its workability, shotcrete performance and mechanical properties under different water-to-cement ratios, fly ash content, superplasticizer dosage, and steel fiber content. The tunnel excavation and support were investigated by conducting finite element numerical simulation analysis and was used in 3 tunnel lining pipes in Zhonggouwan tailing pond. The major findings are as follows: (1) The water-to-cement ratio (w/c ratio) significantly impacted the compressive strength of WSSFHTHS. The highest 28-day compressive strength of 60 MPa was achieved when the w/c ratio was 0.38; (2) Adding fly ash improved the workability and shotcrete performance and strength development of WSSFHTHS. The best anti-permeability performance was achieved when the fly ash constituted 15%, with the lowest permeability coefficient of 4.596 × 10-11 cm/s; (3) The optimum superplasticizer dosage for WSSFHTHS is 0.8%. It provided the best workability and shotcrete performance. Excessive dosage resulted in water bleeding and poor aggregate encapsulation, while insufficient dosage decreased flowability and adversely affected shotcrete performance; (4) The dosage of steel fibers significantly impacted the flexural and tensile strength of WSSFHTHS. When the steel fiber dosage was 45 kg/m3, the 28-day flexural and tensile strengths were 8.95 MPa and 6.15 MPa, respectively; (5) By integrating existing shotcrete techniques, the optimal lining thickness was 80 mm for WSSFHTHS per simulation. The results revealed that after using WSSFHTHS, the displacement of the tunnel surrounding the rock significantly improved, with no cracks or hollows, similar to the simulation results.

Key Words
construction materials; fly ash; high titanium heavy slag; safety; shotcrete; simulation; steel fibre; sustainability

Address
(1) Jinkun Sun, Lindong Li, Liyun Zeng:
Civil and Architectural Engineering Institute, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, China;
(2) Jinkun Sun:
Rattanakosin International College of Creative Entrepreneurship, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
(3) Rita Yi Man Li:
Sustainable Real Estate Research Center, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, 999077, China;
(4) Chenxi Deng, Shuangshi Ma:
School of Civil Engineering and Environment, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.

Abstract
Aim of this work is investigating effect of thickness-stretching formulation on the quasi three-dimensional analysis of micro plate based on a thickness-stretched and shear deformable model through principle of virtual work and micro-scale dependent constitutive relations. Governing differential equations are derived in terms of five unknown functions and the analytical solution is derived using Navier's technique. To explore effect of thickness stretching model on the static results, a comparison between the results with and without thickness stretching effect is presented.

Key Words
principle of virtual work; scale-dependent model; stress and strain analyses; thickness-stretched and shear deformable model

Address
School of Physical Education, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, Jilin, China.

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