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CONTENTS
Volume 1, Number 1, March 2013
 


Abstract
In this work, we present the catalytic dehydrogenation of hydrazine borane N2H4BH3 (HB) using supported nickel catalysts at 50 C. In the presence of monometallic nickel catalysts, the dehydrogenation of HB is a one-step reaction consisting of the hydrolysis of the BH3 group only. The challenge is to activate nickel to make it reactive towards the N2H4 moiety of HB. A set of 52 catalysts were prepared by using 2 supports (Al2O3 and TiO2), 5 nickel precursors and 3 preparation methods. For the first time, we show that the supported nickel catalysts are able to dehydrogenate the NH3 moiety of HB. In our experimental conditions, the best results were obtained with 20 wt% Ni-Al2O3 and 20 wt% Ni-TiO2, with ca. 190 mL H2 + N2 generated over a total theoretical volume of 283 mL, suggesting H2 selectivity of 37 and 32%, respectively. Both catalysts were then characterized by EDX, XPS, and XRD. Our achievement is the first step forward and opens new perspectives for developing catalysts for the total dehydrogenation of HB.

Key Words
chemical hydrogen storage; hydrazine borane; hydrolysis; supported nickel catalysts

Address
Cetin Cakany, Umit B. Demirci and Philippe Miele : IEM (Institut Europeen des Membranes), UMR 5635 (CNRS-ENSCM-UM2), Universite Montpellier 2, Place
E. Bataillon, F- 34095, Montpellier, France;
Qiang Xu : National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan

Abstract
The present work is an attempt to provide an overview, about the status of R&D and current trends in Hydrogen Production using High Temperature Reactors. Bibliographic references from the INIS database, the Science Direct database and the NTIS database were downloaded and analyzed. Ten year data on the subject, published between 2001 and 2010, was selected for the study. Appropriate qued ry formulations on these databases, resulted in the retrieval of 621 unique bibliographic records. Using the content analysis method, all the records were analyzed. Part One of the analysis details Scientometric R&D indicators, Part Two is a subject-based analysis, grouped under: A. International Initiatives and Programmes for Hydrogen Production; B. European R&D initiatives for Hydrogen production; C. National Initiatives and Programmes for Nuclear Hydrogen Production; D. Reactor Technologies for Nuclear Hydrogen production; E. Fuel Developments; F. Hydrogen Production Processes using HTRs and G. Materials Consideration for Nuclear Hydrogen Production. The results of this analysis are summarized in the study.

Key Words
hydrogen production; high temperature reactors; content analysis; VHTR; databases

Address
Sangeeta Deokattey and K. Bhanumurthy : Scientific Information Resource Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India;
P.K. Vijayan and I.V. Dulera : Reactor Engineering Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India

Abstract
A model for DMFC anode performance is developed. The model takes into account potential--independent methanol adsorption on the catalyst surface, finite rate of proton transport through the anode catalyst layer (ACL), and a potential loss due to methanol transport in the anode backing layer. An approximate analytical half--cell polarization curve is derived and equations for the anode limiting current density are obtained. The polarization curve is fitted to the curves measured by Nordlund and Lindbergh and parameters resulted from the fitting are discussed.

Key Words
DMFC anode; polarization curve; modeling

Address
A.A.Kulikovsky : Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Electrochemical Process Engineering (IEK-3),Research Centre Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany; Moscow State University, Research Computing Center, 119991 Moscow, Russia

Abstract
Methane carbon dioxide reforming (MCDR) is a promising way of utilizing greenhouse gas for hydrogen-rich fuel production. Compared with other types of reactors, Compact Reformers (CRs) are efficient for fuel processing. In a CR, a thin solid plate is placed between two porous catalyst layers to enable efficient heat transfer between the two catalyst layers. In this study, the physical and chemical processes of MCDR in a CR are studied numerically with a 2D numerical model. The model considers the multi-component gas transport and heat transfer in the fuel channel and the porous catalyst layer, and the MCDR reaction kinetics in the catalyst layer. The finite volume method (FVM) is used for discretizing the governing equations. The SIMPLEC algorithm is used to couple the pressure and the velocity. Parametrical simulations are conducted to analyze in detail the effects of various operating/structural parameters on the fuel processing behavior.

Key Words
compact reformer; fuel processing; porous media; hydrogen production; methane carbon dioxide reforming

Address
Meng Ni : Building Energy Research Group, Department of Building and Real Estate,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. China

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the surface temperatures of the shelter of three public buildings in the city of Xanthi, in northern Greece. The buildings were built in different time periods and consequently they have different technical characteristics. Respectively, we survey the three following buildings that have been built in 1880 (Municipality Hall of Xanthi), in 1970 (Municipality Amphitheatre) and in 2002 (Bank offices building). Data have been gathered by the use of thermal camera and the survey has been conducted from January up to July. The data gathered regard measurements of the surface temperature of the exterior walls of the shelters, both inside and outside. The study aims at the evaluation of the thermal behavior of the shelter of buildings, which built in different time and under different regulations. The gathered data of the surface temperatures compare the different thermal behavior of the shelter. The analysis of the results and diagrams show that the thick masonry of the traditional Municipality Hall offers an insulation that is adequate. The building of 1970, which was constructed with the previous buildings regulation, has thermal losses due to inadequate insulation. The new building of 2002 has low thermal losses.

Key Words
thermal behavior; surface temperature; public buildings

Address
P. Kosmopoulos and A. Kantzioura: Laboratory of environmental and Energy Efficient Design of Buildings and Settlements, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas.Sofias 12, Xanthi, Greece


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