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CONTENTS
Volume 10, Number 2, June 2021
 

Abstract
A drainage system is one of the essential elements for a sustainable environment system in a locality. In this study, Rajshahi City Corporation (RCC) area is considered for proper investigation of drainage facility. This study aims to concentrate on the present scenario of the drainage system in RCC and the effect of human activity on solid waste management. A field survey was conducted to assess the drainage condition by measuring depth, width, amount of sludge, and wastewater with a measuring rod and scale. Polythene and food waste cover much of the sludge, which is about 80% of the overall waste. Among different categories of drains, the condition of secondary and tertiary drains is worse than primary drains. It was found that various human interventions disrupted the natural flow of drain. At the end of the study, several steps have been recommended to improve the existing condition of the drainage system in RCC.

Key Words
drainage system; environmental impact; human activity; Rajshahi; solid waste management

Address
Shahidul M. Islam and Aminul M. Islam: Department of Civil Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering &Technology, Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh


Abstract
Composite granules (named Fe-PILMG) based on both an Algerian montmorillonite with iron and gluten as an inert binder are prepared and used in the elimination of cadmium by dynamic adsorption in fixed bed columns. This study is essentially focused on the adsorption of Cd (II) in dynamic mode on a fixed bed based on Fe-PILMG sorbent granules followed by a study on the chemical regeneration of these new saturated adsorbents. The various regeneration tests are carried out with NaOH solution. The experimental data on the elimination of Cd (II) (pH = 7, T = 20

Key Words
adsorption; gluten; granule; pillared montmorillonite; regeneration

Address
Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Développement Durable, Faculté de Technologie, Université Blida 1, BP 270, 09000 Blida, Algérie


Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic and consequent unavoidable lockdown left an unprecedented shock on social and economic life. Present study aimed to evaluate the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on the ambient air quality of urban areas of eastern Indian state West Bengal. During lockdown period, Air Quality Index (AQI) was mostly found in 'Good' or 'Satisfactory' and sometimes, in 'Moderate' categories, and rarely, in 'poor' category. AQI was in 'Good' category for most of the lockdown span at Siliguri (67%) followed by Kolkata (44%), Howrah (38%) and Asansol (25%). Based on average AQI ranges: lockdown period (48.68- 62.12) < same period before 1 year (75.09-89.81) < Period 3 months before lockdown (175-206), it can be stated that AQI category was better during lockdown compared to the other two at all study areas. In Kolkata overall air pollutant levels except ozone (p>0.05) decreased significantly during lockdown. Similarly, PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 level reduced in Howrah. Beside, no significant changes observed for NH3 and SO2 concentration in Howrah compared to one year before. Apart from PM2.5, NO2, NH3 and SO2 level of previous year, mean concentration of PM10, CO, O3 showed significant drop at Siliguri during lockdown. Ambient air quality parameters except SO2 showed remarkable decline in Asansol also during lockdown. It can be concluded that COVID-19 lockdown exerted positive effects from environmental health perspective. It improved overall ambient air quality parameters of urban areas of West Bengal. Proper planning and policy making should be given utmost priority to control air pollution in the present 'new normal' COVID-19 scenario.

Key Words
air pollutant; air quality; ambient air pollution; environmental health; COVID-19 lockdown

Address
Rajib Majumder: Department of Zoology, Vivekananda Mahavidyalaya, Hooghly-712405, W.B., India

Abstract
Today, almost all hydrogen production is based on fossil fuels. Hydrogen production plants contribute to harmful emissions in the atmosphere, which is one of the causes of global warming. In order to obtain hydrogen as an entirely green energy source, there is an urgent requirement to significantly reduce or even completely eliminate carbon emissions from fossil fuel-based hydrogen production processes. In this context, new efforts should be increased to develop hydrogen production technologies that produce lower levels of harmful emissions. The development of carbon capture technology by the chemical cycle offers great potential to reduce harmful emissions generated during hydrogen production from fossil fuels. In this study, hydrogen production methods from fossil sources have been reviewed and the recent studies of chemical looping technology for hydrogen production were presented.

Key Words
carbon dioxide; climate change; fossil fuel; hydrogen; renewable energy

Address
Sinan KEİYİNCİ: Department of Automotive Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey

Kadir AYDIN: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey

Abstract
Greenhouse gas (GHG) information of business activities disclosed in corporate annual reports lack consistency in content due to variability of perceptions on environmental issues among company executives. Prior studies examined factors affecting environmental disclosures by comparing different firm characteristics, but no reference of executives' perceptions on climate change disclosures was identified in the existing literature. This study aimed at investigating perceptions of executives from 26 listed oil and gas (O&G) companies on climate change mitigation (CCM) information disclosures in annual reports. A questionnaire was constructed referring to the sustainability reporting framework of International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association (IPIECA) to receive responses from executives of the sample O&G companies. The study revealed that the executives of O&G companies across different value chains perceived materiality for disclosure for all the four climate change indicators- GHG emission, energy use, renewable energy, and flared gases. Significant differences in mean scores of CCM information disclosures existed within four groups of executives holding different positions as well as executives who had different levels of knowledge about annual reports. This study puts forward that climate change mitigation disclosures in annual reports gets affected by level of positions held by executives in their respective companies and their level of knowledge of annual report.

Key Words
annual report; climate change mitigation; disclosures; environmental issues; GHG emission; oil and gas; perceived; value streams

Address
Kishore Kanti Majumdar and Suneel Arora: School of Management, GD Goenka University, Sohna, Haryana, India

Shuchi Pahuja: Department of Commerce, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India

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